A Stupa is a salient feature of Buddhist architecture. Built-in the shape of a hemispherical dome in most Buddhist architecture, the primary function of the stupas was to house the remains of Buddha and his disciples and venerate these relics.
The Symbolism of Construction, Destruction, and Rebirth
According to Buddhist theology, the construction of a stupa is believed to be a very auspicious deed, not just for the present, but also for the future generations. It is believed that the construction of a stupa would lead to cultivating positive karmic imprints in one’s mind while blessing them in their rebirth. It would also help them in the process of enlightenment, believed to have been the core goal of Buddhist theology.
In contrast, the destruction of a stupa is symbolized by heavy negative karmic imprints, unfortunate rebirths, and an unclear and clouded state of mind that would obstruct one in the process of seeking enlightenment. In fact, the deed is believed to have been so inauspicious that it was compared to killing.
The Symbolism of Buddha’s Body
This symbolism suggests that the structure and shape of the stupas are similar to the shape of the Buddha in a meditation posture. It is as if he is sitting on a lion's throne adorning a crown, which is represented by the spire. His head, body, legs, and throne are respectively symbolized by the squarish base of the spire, vase shape of the dome, lower terrace steps, and the base of the structure.
The Symbolism of Five Elements
The part of the stupa can also be represented in terms of five elements where:
- The Earth element is represented by the base.
- The Water element is represented by the hemispherical dome.
- The Fire element is represented by the spire.
- The Air element is represented by the lotus parasol towards the top.
The Symbolism of Treasury
All stupas include a treasury. A treasury is believed to symbolize the energy of the stupas and that the more full it is, the better would the spiritual energy of the stupa be. The objects placed in it also don’t have to be expensive and instead, have symbolic importance.
The Symbolism of Tree of Life
Tree of Life is another crucial element of the stupas. It is shaped in the form of a wooden pole and is covered in mantras and gems. In various ceremonies, participants hold a colorful ribbon connected to it and make a positive wish, which is said to be stored in the Tree of Life.
